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Mogensen designed the sofa in 1945 as a daybed and chaise longue hybrid, with a hinged side.
The exposed construction was too sophisticated for modest post-war culture and the sofa did not go into production until 1962. Børge Mogensen and Hans J. Wegner, both born in 1914, were both colleagues and friends, and the two Danish designers worked together on a number of exhibition projects. One of them was the annual Copenhagen Cabinetmaker’s Guild Exhibition in 1945, where Mogensen and Wegner designed and presented “A Home For the Future”.
The centrepiece of Mogensen and Wegner’s stand was the living room, in which they presented a new vision for lightweight and functional furniture. Even though the Spoke-back series was acclaimed for its innovation, it was also regarded as too sophisticated for the modest post-war culture, and the designs did not go into production until 1963. At that time Wegner, redesigned the 1788 easy chair to arrive at the current design.
The Spoke-back Sofa materialises Mogensen’s idea of a sofa with a reclining side and it was originally exhibited without back cushions. Hans J. Wegner’s spoke-back chair provides a comfortable seat with beautiful profiling in the armrests that reveals Wegner’s sculptural talents.
Both designs are completely bare from every angle – even the cushions are attached with visible straps. The exposed wooden construction is typical for both Mogensen and Wegner, and in the Spoke-back Collection they continued their work with the Windsor chair methodology.
Made in Denmark
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Børge Mogensen
Børge Mogensen (1914-1972) was one of the most influential designers in shaping Danish Modern design and present day Fredericia’s founding designer from 1955 until his death in 1972. He found inspiration all over the world in his quest to create everyday objects that would endure for generations. Mogensen's most recognised pieces were developed during his collaboration and friendship with Fredericia CEO Andreas Graversen.
Børge Mogensen was one of the pioneers that created the foundation for the Danish Design as a culture of furniture design. His life-long ambition was to create durable and useful furniture that would enrich people’s everyday lives, and he designed functional furniture for all parts of the home and society.
Mogensen’s ideal was to create furniture with a restrained aesthetic. He believed that furniture should create a sense of tranquillity and have a modest appearance that encourages people to live their lives unpretentiously. He was acclaimed for his masterful sense of materials and proportions, and for his ability to create beautiful and distinctive furniture by emphasising simple horizontal and vertical lines and surfaces – all in an attempt to create aesthetic clear designs that were easy to produce.
While working strictly within his self-imposed dogmas, Mogensen’s artistic temperament often led him to break his formal rules without abandoning their original intent. Thus Mogensen’s furniture can be described as both modest and very self-confident - just as their creator. Throughout his life Mogensen was one of the boldest voices in the critical debate on furniture design. He often criticised his peers for surrendering their artistic authenticity in favour of short-sighted fashions, but he always welcomed innovations that he found offered real progression. Mogensen preferred to work in refined, yet rustic, natural materials such as solid oak, natural leather, wool fabrics, and brass mountings.
Mogensen was a trained cabinet-maker and furniture designer at the Copenhagen School of Arts and Crafts before entering the school of furniture design at Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, where he was taught by Kaare Klint and graduated in 1941. Throughout his career Mogensen continued to defend the ideals of evolutionary design progression that were essential to the Klint School, while also expanding on the tradition. Contrary to Klint, Mogensen was not only inspired by the traditional cabinet-maker’s types and crafts - instead he adapted models planned for industrial production, as well as the more informal housing that emerged in the 1960’s.
In 1948 Mogensen participated in MoMA’s international furniture competition ”low-cost furniture” together with his friend Hans J Wegner. Back home in Denmark, inspired by the exhibition, he experimented with plywood shells and fused the international modernist movement with his own design identity. Mogensen also found inspiration in ethnic arts & crafts, lithography and Japanese wooden carvings.
Mogensen’s early contribution to Danish design came right after his graduation, when he was hired as chief designer for the Danish Coop FDB. There he led a program to renew Danish furniture culture and create modern, functional and useful furniture that would be affordable for all social classes. In 1950, Mogensen opened a private design office, and shortly after, in 1952 he began collaborating with young interior architect and entrepreneur, Andreas Graversen, who would later become owner of Fredericia Furniture.
Andreas Graversen’s acquisition of Fredericia in 1955 marked the start of more than a purely professional partnership with Børge Mogensen. Over the years, the two developed a strong friendship, fuelled by a common desire to create simple, high-quality furniture with enduring aesthetic appeal. They were equally dedicated and passionate to their crafts, and their partnership was often temperamental.
Mogensen’s most recognisable pieces were developed to fit Fredericia’s workshop. One reason for Mogensen's immersive creativity at Fredericia was Graversen’s ability to follow him in his intentions and consistently fulfil his uncompromising demands for quality. To this day, Fredericia is the primary producer of Børge Mogensen’s furniture. Graversen and Mogensen’s high demands for quality, functionality and sense of material are still very much alive in our approach when developing new furniture today.
Mogensen received the The Eckersberg Medal 1950, as well as the highest architectural honours in Denmark, the C.F. Hansen medal, in 1972. In 1971 he and Andreas Graversen jointly received the Danish Furniture Prize for their contribution to the Danish furniture industry, and in 1972 Mogensen was appointed Honoury Royal Designer for Industry at the Royal Society of Arts in London. Examples of Mogensen’s designs can be seen in leading design museums around the world.
Børge Mogensen died in 1972, only 58 years old.
Since its foundation in 1911, the family-owned company Fredericia has built up a strong tradition of beautiful craftsmanship and innovative design, developed in close collaboration with a carefully chosen circle of internationally recognised designers.